Abortion, An Issue With Its New Expansion Of Abortion...

Today, abortion has become another political issue, rather than the intimate choice of a woman. Abortion isn’t a new issue because in the case, Roe vs. Wade, the court’s decision was the first step, where women could do as they wish with their body in a safe, legal manner. So why, after forty-one years since this case was passed is abortion an issue again? Abortion is often presented as if it is new and people have just started doing it years ago, when in reality the practice of abortion has dated back to ancient times. Abortion is the trending topic once again because â€Å"The Affordable Care Act†, also known as ‘Obama care’, has made abortion an issue with its new expansion of abortion coverage. This paper will examine all of the harmful ways abortions can harm your body and also how they may affect you in a positive and in a negative way. Also, it helps you understand why people decide to get an abortion and the government has made abortion such a popular topic. Even though you may not agree with the decision of abortion, you have to have an open mind to other people’s decisions and opinions towards them. According to the Fourteenth Amendment, â€Å"All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the Unites States and of the State wherein they reside.† The rights of the women are addressed in the Amendment; however, it fails to mention anything about women’s rights to their fetus. If the government takes away thisShow MoreRelatedThe Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act1710 Words   |  7 Pagessupports the development of health care, including the Affordable Care Act and its expansion on Medicaid. Their belief is that, â€Å"health care is a basic right flowing from the sanctity and dignity of human life,† showing the true religious motivation for this support, and the potential support for other similar quality-of-life programs. Not only do they support expansion of health care coverage but they advocate that â€Å"coverage should be truly universal† (Saile, 2013). The Catholic Bishops al so specificallyRead More The Patient Protection Affordable Care Act is Good for America1718 Words   |  7 Pagesbe eradicated. This law was implemented to help people acquire affordable health insurance; therefore, it is important to the people whom have preexisting conditions, and the American government is confronting medical legal and ethical issues like elective abortion. President Obama’s intention to provide affordable health insurance for all U.S. citizens is a noble act. However, there are mixed reactions in reference to this law in part of the citizens provided that the information from the media isRead MoreWe Live A Democracy?1256 Words   |  6 Pagesadministration they are making plans to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act that has the potential of not allowing full or partial coverage of birth control. This an issue that has plagued the woman’s community whose intentions of contractive use is not solely based off of the reason, to try and avoid getting pregnant. For that reason, Trump should consider providing coverage for contraceptives in his revised healthcare plan. Birth control has many different functions ranging from regulating a womenRead MoreA Comparative Analysis of the Activism and Views of Women Held by Eleanor Roosevelt in the 1930s and Hillary Clinton1848 Words   |  7 Pagesunique opportunity to influence the legislation on national social welfare made possible by the economic crisis. After the death of Roosevelts husband, she became independent and made money from writing books, holding motivational talks and writing news columns. To date, no other First Lady holds an international career after the demise of her husband. On the contrast, the prominence of Clinton was symbolized by her previous position as the leader of the healthcare taskforce in the country (Gorn,Read MoreHealthcare Reform : Final Assignment1828 Words   |  8 Pagesthreat related to having the government force them into purchasing insurance or paying a penalty for not having insurance. â€Å"The law requires all Americans have health insurance by 2014 (or pay a per month fee for each month without minimum essential coverage). Although this shared responsibility provision is unofficially called an individual mandate, it was ruled to be in fact a tax and not a mandate by the June 28, 2012 Supreme court ruling.† (http://obamacarefacts.com/obamahealthcare-summary/, 2015)Read MoreMass Medias Effect on the Perception of Contraception 1436 Words   |  6 Pagesimpossible for the media to not influence our perception on things such as contraception. What effect has the media had in shaping public perception on contraception over the last half-century? We had mass media coverage during the 1980s when we had a huge AIDS epidemic, during this media coverage we heard two very different stands one telling us to use contraception be safe and get tested, while the other was a religious man telling us that AIDS only affected homosexuals so it was Gods way of cleansingRead MoreThe Affordable Care Act ( Aca )1674 Words   |  7 PagesBackground: the Affordable Care Act (ACA), which is a federal health reform bill, requires most public and private health plans to provide a minimum coverage of women’s preventive healthcare services with no cost sharing.1 Therefore, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) was commissioned to review what preventive services are essential for women’s health and welfare and consequently should be considered in the development of guidelines for women’s preventive services.2 According to the IOM rec ommendationsRead MoreHealth Care Bill Should Be Legal1601 Words   |  7 Pagesthose examples is to make it mandatory for everyone to purchase some type of health care insurance.We do not believe this Health-Care bill will have detrimental effects on our current health-care program. Once new competitive insurance markets open for business in 2014, individuals buying coverage comparable to what they have today will pay 14-20 percent less. This will be a plus for us. My husband and I have good insurance at the present time, which is an incentive for workers to remain with his formerRead MoreEffects Of Restrictive Contraceptive Legislation On Unintentional Teenage Pregnancy1781 Words   |  8 Pageslegislation resulted in higher unintended pregnancy rates among adolescents. The implication of this review is state and federal policies should focus on improving education regarding contraception use and forming policies which improve access to abortion. Keywords: teenage pregnancy, unintended pregnancy, contraception legislationâ€Æ' Effects of Restrictive Contraceptive Legislation on Unintentional Teenage Pregnancy Legislation dictates the degree of access teenagers have to contraception and inRead MoreAnalysis Of The Affordable Care Act810 Words   |  4 PagesAffect Women. This article breaks down the new American Health Care Act (AHCA) and compares it to the Affordable Care Act (ACA), with a special emphasis on the impact on women. The ten points discussed in the article are as follows: â€Å"Medicaid eligibility, capping federal Medicaid and Planned Parenthood, abortion coverage, tax credits, premium and cost-sharing subsidies, insurance reforms, essential health benefits, preventative services, contraceptive coverage, and lastly, pregnancy-related care,† (Ranji

From Hacking to Cyber Terrorism Essay - 3963 Words

From Hacking to Cyber Terrorism Introduction Information technology (IT) is evolving everyday and our day-to-day life is becoming more and more dependent on it. In this twenty first century, we cannot imagine ourselves without emails, online banking systems and health care systems and without World Wide Web. In other words, evolution of IT has given a modern, technologically advanced and convenient life to the society. But, over the time we are also observing explosive growth in the darker side of the IT - regarding hacking and cyber crimes. Activities like unauthorized computer intrusion, denial of service (DOS), stealing computer passwords and secure data; causing damage to computer systems and databases and causing damage to†¦show more content†¦Some hackers are malicious, whilst others are merely naà ¯ve and do not cause any real harm. Their motivations for hacking includes financial gain, revenge, ideology or just plain mischief making 1. There are different categories of hackers - algorithm hacker, system hacker , password hacker etc. What is cyber terrorism? Cyber terrorism is a new class of threat to the world. This is one of the extreme cases of hacking. Here, instead of physical terror efforts are focused upon attacking information systems or resources especially using World Wide Web. Cyber terrorists use computer systems and software to create violence and loss by breaking security of target systems or by stealing/corrupting computer systems. Unlike hackers, Cyber terrorists usually work under political or ideological influence and always more harmful than a hacker. However it’s always possible that a hacker can turn into a cyber terrorist by providing his technical skills to perform terrorist activities. Hacker himself can be a terrorist or can be hired by terrorist organizations for hacking. In this case, we see overlaps between hacking and cyber terrorism activities. Cyber terrorists use Internet for a number of purposes, as described below. * Propaganda/Publicity - Some terrorists useShow MoreRelatedCyber Security and Technology Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pagesdefend themselves. Cyber terrorism is one of the major treat to all sensitive information in cyberspace. Cyber terrorism can be defined as the use of computers and technology to cause server disruption or widespread fear in society. Through cyber terrorism data that is sensitive to major corporation and government alike are in danger of being hacked then used against them. Cyber security helps defend against cyber-attacks by tracking the attackers back to the source and hacking them. This way securityRead MoreThe Growing Threat Of Cyber Warfare From Russia1700 Words   |  7 PagesThreat of Cyber-Warfare from Russia The next generation of terrorists will grow up in a digital world, with ever more powerful and easy-to-use hacking tools at their disposal. - Dorothy E. Denning. This is becoming more and more apparent as time goes on. You hear something new every day about some company being hacked by the Chinese, Russians, Iranians, or North Koreans. The world we live in is becoming more and more digitized and, perhaps unsurprisingly, the threat of cyber-terrorism is onlyRead MoreThe Threat Of Cyber Terrorism1093 Words   |  5 PagesSolution Q. No. 2 The possible threat posed by cyber terrorism has motivated considerable alarm. Many security experts have exposed the danger of cyber terrorists hacking into government and remote computer systems and service areas of progressive economies. The possible threat is, indeed, very disturbing. So far, despite all the gloomy pre-dictions, no single example of real cyber terrorism has been recorded. This increases the question: about the threat? Psychological, political, and economicRead MoreThe Liberties, Ideologies, And Effects Of Hacktivism1699 Words   |  7 Pagesliberties, ideologies, and effects of hacktivism. Hacktivism, is the combination of hacking and activism, and is where a hacker creates a technology-centered disturbance with a political or social motive. Unlawful hackers typically cause cyber damage for amusement, or monetary gain. While traditional hackers are perceived as criminals, hacktivists are a transgressive group. Cyberterrorism is the most extreme version of hacking, where the goal is to cause permanent damage. There are benefits to hacktivismRead MoreThe Patriot Act Title Vii Section 814 And 8161429 Words   |  6 Pages814 and 816. These sections of the Patriot Act protects the citizens of The United States from the world’s newest form of terror; Cyber-Terrorism. The aim is to explain this law, its adequacies, and inadequacies in detail and to offer suggestions and solutions for its shortc omings. Commission of Cyber Terrorism In 2013, a man, investigators named the â€Å"Sexual Cyber Terrorist† extorted over 350 women by hacking into their email accounts and baiting them into giving him nude photos. If the women didRead MoreCyber Terrorism And Threats Of Information System1688 Words   |  7 PagesCyber-Terrorism and Threats to Information System National security has been top priority of the United States after World War II. This is due to the fact that the United States before this time was relatively an isolationist country with no influence in the world. As a result national security was not important, this changed post World War II. The United States found themselves among the top, overnight they went from being new and not listened to, to becoming one of the major players in the worldRead MoreComputer Crimes And Computer Crime1066 Words   |  5 Pagescrimes. History of computer crimes Computers and networks became increasingly known and used in the 1990s. Hackers back then were more interested in attaining information about different systems. Hacking became almost like a competition, hackers would compete to win the title of the best hacker. Hacking was not seen as a big problem, it was seen as more of an annoyance and hackers did not pose a long-term threat until hackers started using malicious software that made the networks and systems slowRead MoreThe Fbi Agents And The Criminal Law Of The United States1615 Words   |  7 Pages(FBI) Agents have increased, due to the amount of crimes that have continued to rise. The FBI serves as the nation’s federal law enforcement and works to keep our country safe from dangers that we cannot deal with. The FBI agents have an impact on our nation because they defend us against counterfeiting, terrorist attacks and cyber-based attacks. The FBI is a treat-based and intelligence driven national security organization. There mission is to protect and defend the United States against terroristsRead MoreCyber Bullying And Cyber Crime1607 Words   |  7 Pagesresult, cyber technology and cyberspace are major areas of interest for citizens and lawmakers all over the world† Governments face enormous strife when it comes to creating legislation to technological offences in the law as technology is developed at a fast rate and therefore preventative legislation to cyber crime is rarely made before these issues have happened. These issues that relate to the individual in cyberspace are cyber bullying, cyber stalking, online predators, terrorism, hacking, internetRead MoreWorld of Network Security Infirmities 1427 Words   |  6 Pagesinformation. During the early 90’s, the internet did not exist but as this new phenomena birthed my job title changed with added responsibilities. Information Systems Technician was the new named deemed for my field or IT for short. IT’s were responsible from everything to setting up video teleconferences to resetting user passwords, computer repair and maintaining the network. My was heart always fixated on telecommunications but due to the crass course of telecommunications and network security integration

Team Concept, Human Behavior, Persuasion Diversity Free Essays

1. The role of the leader in the team concept is very important. Research shows that success is enhanced, if an organization understands and effectively manages five team processes. We will write a custom essay sample on Team Concept, Human Behavior, Persuasion Diversity or any similar topic only for you Order Now List and discuss these five team processes in Chapter 17. The five team processes are: 1. Buy-in: how the work of the team is legitimized and goals are set. 2. Accountability: how individual and team performance is managed and rewarded. 3. Learning: how performance is improved and skills developed. 4. Infrastructure: how the work of the team is systemized and resources accessed. 5. Partnering: how people interact and work together to achieve success on the team and across organizational units (Manning Curtis, 2009). 2. Physical and emotional needs are important determinants of human behavior, helping to explain why people work, why they have certain personal goals, and what they want in their relationships with others. Psychologist Abraham Maslow divides human needs into five categories, progressing from basic needs to complex needs. Discuss Maslow’s five â€Å"Hierarchy of Human Needs. † List and discuss each one. Maslow’s five Hierarchy of Human Needs are: . Survival. The needs that are taken as the starting point for motivation theory are the physiological, or basic body tissue, needs. Taking a breath of air and acting in self-defense are normal expressions of such needs. Survival needs are strong and natural forces within the person. 2. Security. Once survival needs are satisfied, security needs become important. Freedom from threat an d protection from loss are major security goals, helping explain our interest in savings accounts, medical insurance, seniority rights, and burglar alarms. 3. Belonging. When survival and security needs are satisfied, the need for belonging emerges. This is true for people in all cultures, whether aggressive or peaceful, primitive or advanced. Every individual makes a distinct effort to belong to some aspired social group. 4. Respect. Once survival, security, and belonging needs are satisfied, people are motivated by the need for respect the need to be considered favorably by self and others. The pursuit of fame, regardless of the field business, government, and the arts can be explained only by the powerful need for respect. 5. Fulfillment. After physical and social needs are satisfied, people are motivated by the need for fulfillment, which Maslow referred to as â€Å"self-actualization. † These people may or may not please others by what they do, and their efforts may or may not result in the attainment of intended goals (Manning Curtis, 2009). 3. Chapter 18 discusses â€Å"why people do what they do. † There are nine points to remember about human motivation. With these in mind, you will better understand why people do what they do. These points can also explain the complicated relationship between personal goals and work behavior. List and discuss these nine points for human motivation. The nine points for human motivation are: a. A satisfied need is not a motivator. It is not what people have that motivates behavior; it is what they do not have, or what they have done without. b. Employee motivation and company success are related. c. Psychological needs and social values are not the same. d. The same act can satisfy any of the five motivation levels. e. All people have the same needs, but to different degrees and accompanied by different wants. What it takes to satisfy motivational needs and how much is required are unique to each person. . A person can be deficiency-motivated, bringing harm to self or others. It is possible to have an extreme fixation on a natural need, so strong that it can lead to neurotic and even destructive behavior. g. Unsatisfied needs can harm your health, as surely as if you were physically stricken. If you feel the need for recognition, but no one respects you; if you feel the nee d for love, but no one cares; if you feel the need for self-expression, but have no outlets, you can develop a motivation condition as harmful as physical illness. h. Leadership is important in meeting employee needs and preventing motivation problems. What a leader does will vary with the circumstances. Sample actions include improving job safety (survival needs), clarifying job assignments (security needs), offering a word of encouragement (belonging needs), providing praise for a job well done (respect needs), and offering new skills development (fulfillment needs). i. The ideal is to integrate the needs of the individual with the goals of the organization. If the needs of the individual can be satisfied while advancing the goals of the organization, he ultimate in employee morale and organization effectiveness will be achieved (Manning Curtis, 2009). 4. Managing diversity is very important for both the leader and organizational survival. List and discuss strategies and techniques that can help both individuals and organizations manage diversity effectively. What can individuals do:  ¦ Connect with and value your own culture.  ¦ Think abou t how it feels to be different by remembering times when you felt that you were in the minority.  ¦ Try to understand each person as an individual, rather than seeing the person as a representative of a group. Participate in educational programs that focus on learning about and valuing different cultures, races, religions, ethnic backgrounds, and political ideologies.  ¦ Make a list of heroes in music, sports, theater, politics, business, science, and so forth.  ¦ Learn about the contributions of older people and people with visual, hearing, or other impairments.  ¦ Learn more about other cultures and their values through travel, books, and films, and by attending local cultural events and celebrations.  ¦ Continually examine your thoughts and language for unexamined assumptions and stereotypical responses. Include people who are different from you in social conversations, and invite them to be part of informal work-related activities, such as going to lunch or attending c ompany social events.  ¦ When dealing with people, try to keep in mind how you would feel if your positions were reversed. What can organizations do:  ¦ Include employees from a variety of backgrounds in decision-making and problem solving processes.  ¦ Develop strategies to increase the flow of applicants from a variety of backgrounds. Look for opportunities to develop employees from diverse backgrounds and prepare them for positions of responsibility  ¦ Show sensitivity in the physical work environment.  ¦ Form a group to address issues of diversity.  ¦ Implement training programs that focus on diversity in the workplace programs designed to develop a greater awareness and respect for differences.  ¦ Pay attention to company publications such as employee newsletters.  ¦ Evaluate official rules, policies, and procedures of the organization to be sure all employees are treated fairly. Develop mentoring and partnering programs that cross traditional social and cultura l boundaries.  ¦ Talk openly about diversity issues, respect all points of view, and work cooperatively to solve problems (Manning Curtis, 2009). 5. Historically, women in high leadership positions have come from nonprofit organizations, educational institutions, and public office. However, over the last few years, they are starting to come from the business world. The Center for Creative Leadership has identified six success factors for women in high leadership positions. List and discuss these six success factors for women. The Center for Creative Leadership has identified six success factors for women in high leadership positions: 1. Help from above. Women in high levels of leadership have typically received the support of influential mentors. 2. A superior track record. Held to high standards, executive-level women have usually managed effectively and have developed an excellent record of performance. 3. A passion for success. Senior-level women have been determined to succeed. They worked hard, seized responsibility, and achieved their objectives. 4. Outstanding people skills. Successful women executives typically utilize participative leadership, employee empowerment, and open communication to foster trust and high levels of morale among subordinates. 5. Career courage. Successful women leaders have demonstrated courage to take risks, such as taking on huge responsibilities. 6. Mental toughness. Senior-level women are seen as tenacious, demanding, and willing to make difficult decisions (Manning Curtis, 2009). Applications Exercise 19. 2 1. 4 2. 4 3. 2 4. 3 5. 3 6. 3 7. 4 8. 3 9. 2 10. 3 11. 4 12. 4 13. 2 14. 4 15. 4 Domination = 12 Collaboration = 8 Compromise = 8 Avoidance = 11 Accommodation = 11 How to cite Team Concept, Human Behavior, Persuasion Diversity, Essay examples

Professional Nursing

Question: Discuss about the Professional Nursing. Answer: Introduction: The aim of the essay is to discuss and analyse the given scenario of John Stafford. Additionally, the essay includes the applicable law and legislation that exists in the practice of nursing and in a health care setting. The legislation and codes of practice pertaining to this case scenario is discussed and the implications of acting negligently as a Registered Nurse shall be discussed. The relevant legislation which is applicable to the given case study isthe Code of Professional Conduct for Nurseswhich came into effect from 7th May, 2013. The minimum standards which a professional person is expected to maintain in order to sustain the good standing of the profession of nursing have been laid down under the Code (Pitt et al., 2013). According to the provisions laid down under the Code, a safe and competent manner of practice should be followed by the nurses. The standards of the nursing profession and the wider health system must be maintained by the practicing nurses. The relevant laws regarding the practice and profession of nursing have to be followed by the nurses while carrying out their responsibilities.The culture, ethnicity, dignity, values and beliefs of the people,to whom care are exercised by the nurses, have to be respected by the nurses. The personal information obtained by the nurses have to be kept confidential and private. The information of the health care products should be provided by the nurses honestly, accurately and impartially. The wellbeing, health and informed decision making of the people receiving or requiring care must be supported by the nurses. Promotion and preservation of the trust which is inherent in the relationship between the people receiving care and the nurses must be done by the nurses.Adequate conduct should be maintained by the nurses so that the community at large keep the faith and trust in the profession of nursing. Nursing should be practiced ethically and effectively by the nurses (Leufer Cleary, 2013). The Code of Professional Conduct for Nurseshelp in the evaluation of the conduct of the nurses (Hunt et al., 2015). Thus, it is important for the nurses to ensure safety and health of the patients and treat them with support and care. The nurses have a responsibility to provide competent nursing care and maintain professional conduct while carrying out their duties. Therefore, the nurses are required to take that amount of care which is supposed to be taken by a reasonable person under similar circumstances. Safeguarding of individuals and making all possible efforts to save the life of a human being are the most essential responsibilities of the nurses under the provisos laid down under this Code (Mannix et al., 2013). In the instant case, John Stafford has failed to take reasonable care as has been enshrined under the Code and therefore, he is in violation of the Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses. He was aware of the fact that the patient whom he was treating was under a number of medications. He was administering medication to the patient at breakfast time, when he was interrupted by another staff member. While dispensing duties as a nurse, the professional conduct under the Code requires the nurse to take a reasonable standard of care. The safety and health of the patients should be given maximum priority. But under the circumstances of the instant case, John has failed to show such care and he has not given priority to the health and safety of the patient. The kind of conduct John has shown has jeopardised the faith and trust which the community at large keep in the nursing profession. The patients health deteriorated under the care of John and he felt unwell as proper medication was not administered to him on time. Thus, John has clearly not been able to show the conduct as required under the conduct and he has substantially failed to exercise care.Hence, under the light if the circumstances facts of the instant case, John is clearly in violation of the Code of Professional Conduct for Nursesand he should be accountable for the losses suffered by the patient. This section discusses about the standard of care which is ought to be taken by nurses while dispensing their professional responsibilities. Such standard has been set by the Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council. The Council first adopted national competency standards for registered nurses in the year 1990. The standards that are set in the national competency standard for nurses assess performance of the nurse and depending on their performance, the registration as a registered nurse is obtained (Australian Nursing Midwifery Council, 2008b). The competencies standards that nurses have to follow are:Professional Practice, Critical Thinking and Analysis,Coordination of care and Therapeutic Practice. This section discusses about the professional practice and standard of care which are ought to be taken by a nurse in the light of the given case study. Professional practice means legal and ethical responsibilities that require demonstration and knowledge in the field of nursing. As a registered nurse, one should perform the nursing intervention in accordance with the proper standards of practice (Australian Nursing Midwifery Council, 2008a). A registered nurse removes doubts of other members in the team relating to the aspects of care practicing nursing. Additionally, as a registered nurse one should practice within ethical and professional framework of code of conduct and integrate the health care knowledge appropriately. Thus, in the given case study as well, John should have acted within the standard of care that was specified to him under the Council of nurses. He failed to act within the scope of standard of care, infringing his duty of acting with care towards patients (Aust ralian Nursing Midwifery Council, 2008b). This section discusses about the importance of responding immediately to situations which arise due to a mistake committed by a nurse. In the profession of nursing, it is important that registered nurses act within their scope of practice. The scope of practice of a registered nurse means that nurses act within the prescribed procedures, actions and processes that are permitted to commence in keeping with the terms of their professional license. While nurses provide range of interventions to patients, the focus of registered nurses is specific (McDonald, 2010). According to National Competency standard for registered nurse, nurses need to practice in accordance with relevant legislation affecting nursing practice and fulfil their duty without causing harm ("Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Guidelines", 2016). Thus, it may be said that is important to act within the scope of practice as it allows nurses to act in accordance with the legislation affecting the practice of nurs ing and accept accountability for the actions of the nurses. Furthermore, it also helps nurses to promote safe and efficient care and keeps them aware of the intervention that may be needed in any health care setting. Moreover, it also allows assessment of effective care and provides an evaluation of effective health care. Thus, if nurses act within their scope of practice it shall lead to professional development of the nurses and others working under them as enrolled nurses (Park, 2012). The profession of nursing is regarded as the most trusted profession. Nurses have a feeling of duty to safe, preserve life, and provide care. According to competency standard of nursing practice, ethical nursing framework involves ensuring that nurses recognize the right of patients and seek assistance to resolve conflicts in clinical setting ("Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Guidelines", 2016). Ethically, most nurses have the feeling of providing sufficient care to their patients. Thus, it is important that as a nurse one should respond immediately to emergencies (Queensland Government, 2012). When nurses choose to respond immediately, it means that they are serious about their professional practice and are concerned about the lives of the patients more than their profession. This situation is the most pertinent at the time when nurses make mistakes themselves. At such times, it becomes important that nurses act in a way that helps the patients in overcoming the given sit uation instead of escaping a given scenario. If nurses respond accurately to any given situation, it may save the life of a patient especially when there is no other option available for the patient. Moreover, nurses are expected to use their standard of care in such situations. If a situation has taken place wherein the nurse herself has made the mistake, she should accept her mistake and provide immediate intervention to the patient. The profession of nursing is accompanied with extra caution and extra care (Queensland Nursing Council, 2008). Thus, nurses should act respond immediately in an emergency, even if they are the cause for the particular scenario that has taken place. In the instant case, wrong medication was administered to the patient due to which the patients health deteriorated. His blood pressure became low and he was feeling unwell. The primary responsibility of John in this situation would be to respond immediately and take adequate steps to improve the health of the patient. Conclusion: Thus, conclusively, it may be held that the case is a reflection of complex legal and ethical issue that has the likelihood of arising in a hospital or a health care setting. As a registered nurse, one should understand the framework, laws, legislation and codes that guide the practice of nursing and are aware of the laws that allow them in making correct decisions. References: Allen, S., Chapman, Y., Francis, K., OConnor, M. (2008). Supporting nurses to make ethically sound decisions when nursing aged care residents at the end-of-life: Using the DECIDE model. Singapore Nursing Journal 35(2), 4-11. Retrieved from the CINAHL database https://www.ebscohost.com Australian Nursing Midwifery Council. (2002). National competency standards for the enrolled nurse. Dickson, ACT: Author. Retrieved from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/Codes-Guidelines.aspx#competencystandards Australian Nursing Midwifery Council. (2008a). Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia. Dickson, ACT: Author. Retrieved from Australian Nursing Midwifery Council. (2008b). Code of professional conduct for nurses in Australia. Melbourne, Australia: Nursing Midwifery Board of Australia. Retrieved from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Search.aspx?q=code%20of%20professional%20conduct Australian Nursing Federation. (2005). Competency standards for nurses in general practice: Scope of nursing practice. Retrieved from: https://anf.org.au/documents/reports/compstandards_nursesingp.pdf Crisp, J., Taylor, C., Douglas, C., Rebeiro, G. (Eds.) (2013). Potter Perrys fundamentals of nursing (4th ed.). Sydney, Australia: Elsevier Australia. Day, L. (2006). Advocacy, agency and collaboration. American Journal of Critical Care 15, 428-430.Retrieved from https://ajcc.aacnjournals.org/content/15/4/428.full.pdf+html Guo, K. L. (2008). DECIDE: a decision-making model for more effective decision making by health care. The Health Care Manager 27(2), 118-127. Retrieved from https://www.nursingcenter.com/lnc/static?pageid=800371 https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Search.aspx?q=code%20of%20ethics Hunt, L., Ramjan, L., McDonald, G., Koch, J., Baird, D., Salamonson, Y. (2015). Nursing students' perspectives of the health and healthcare issues of Australian Indigenous people. Nurse education today, 35(3), 461-467. Leufer, T., Cleary-Holdforth, J. (2013). Let's do no harm: medication errors in nursing: part 1. Nurse education in practice, 13(3), 213-216. Mannix, J., Wilkes, L., Daly, J. (2013). Attributes of clinical leadership in contemporary nursing: an integrative review. Contemporary nurse, 45(1), 10-21. McDonald, C. (2010). A guide to moral decision making. Retrieved August 6, 2013 from https://www.ethicsweb.ca/guide/guide2010.pdf Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Guidelines. (2016).Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. Retrieved 9 September 2016, from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/Codes-Guidelines.aspx Park, E-J. (2012). An integrated ethical decision-making model for nurses. Nursing Ethics 19(1), 139-159. DOI 10.1177/0969733011413491 Pitt, V., Powis, D., Levett-Jones, T., Hunter, S. (2013). Can an existing personal qualities measure be used to examine nursing students' professional and personal attributes?. Focus on Health Professional Education: A Multi-disciplinary Journal, 15(2), 41. Queensland Government. (2012). Open disclosure program. Retrieved 7 August, 2013 from https://www.health.qld.gov.au/psq/od/webpages/od_homepage.asp Queensland Nurses Union. (n.d.). Advocacy factsheet: Recognition that nurses are well-placed advocates for patients and their families. Retrieved 7 August, 2013 from https://www.qnu.org.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0012/214104/NFYFL-Factsheet-Advocacy-FINAL.pdf Queensland Nursing Council. (2008). Scope of practice framework for nurses and midwives. Retrieved from https://www.health.qld.gov.au/parrot/html/documents/nursingscprac.pdf TAFE Queensland. (2014). HLTEN509B Apply legal and ethical parameters to nursing practice [Study topics and presentations]. Retrieved from the TAFE Queensland Gold Coast: https://my.tafe.qld.gov.au

Chivalry in the First Crusade

The medieval ages were populated with wars waged for differing reasons. Some of the most remarkable and expansive wars waged were the Crusades. The first crusade was summoned by Pope Urban II in 1095 and it was labeled the â€Å"war of liberation† aimed at reclaiming the Holy Land from the Muslims [1]. The Christian army which carried out this war was made up of knights and peasants who marched to Jerusalem for battle. During this period in history, there existed a code of chivalry among the knights.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Chivalry in the First Crusade specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It has been suggested that the army which undertook the First Crusade idealized this code. This paper shall argue that the First Crusade represents the perfection of the chivalric ideal. To reinforce this assertion, the paper shall review some of the conducts of the Crusaders and how they demonstrated chivalry. At th e onset, chivalry was a way of life for the knights and it entailed nothing more than fighting in tournaments and in real wars. Morris notes that it is the First Crusade that prevented chivalry from degenerating into a mere society of fighters by giving it an opportunity to realize its ideals of bravery, loyalty and honor[2]. This is a sentiment which is echoed by Frank who notes that chivalry as a code of behavior was mostly forged by Pope Urban II who came up with a list of characteristics that the true soldier of Christ would possess[3]. These ideals included; being wise, temperate, loyal and brave among other attributes and they acted as the standard that the Christian warriors strived to achieve. Chivalry demanded that the knight or soldier became a champion and defender of the church as well as the poor. This code was articulated in an address by Pope Urban II which stated that the mission of the Knight was to â€Å"serve as the righteous and implacable enemy of the infidel, the compassionate protector of the weak and oppressed†[4]. The First Crusade lived up to this ideal as can be seen from their valor as they set out to attack the Turks who had taken over the Holy land. This valor paid off and the Crusaders took over control of Jerusalem from the infidels. One of the ideals that relate to chivalry is showing bravery and loyalty in the face of war. This is an ideal that the fighters in the First Crusade exhibited in great measure. Tyerman asserts that the crusading armies were held together by a strong loyalty to the cause and to the leaders and comrades at arms [5]. While the chivalry of the Knights as they engaged in their war against the Moslems is held in question by some historians owing to the indiscriminate killing of the enemy, it should be remembered that the code of the chivalry allowed for the killing of the â€Å"infidels† who had taken over the Holy Land and were oppressing its inhabitants.Advertising Looking for essay o n eastern europe? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Undoubtedly, the ideals of chivalry played a major role in the huge success that the First Crusade achieved. As a result of chivalry, the crusading army defeated the Turks and entered the Holy Land in 1099. However, the ideals of chivalry were degenerated as the Christian armies and rulers reveled in luxury. As a result of this degeneration, Morris notes that the Second Crusade was an utter failure and Saladin, the leader of the Saracens recaptured the Jerusalem from the Crusaders[6]. This paper set out to argue that the First Crusade represented the perfection of the chivalric ideal. To this end, the paper has articulated some of the chivalric ideals and gone on to demonstrate how the crusading army lived up to these ideals. The paper has also suggested that the chivalric ideals were responsible for the great victory that the First Crusade achieved. Bibliography Foss, Michael. Peop le of the First Crusade. Arcade Publishing, 1998. Frank, Daniel. The Knight Dismounted. Web. Morris, David. A History of England. CUP Archive, 2000. Tyerman, Christopher. Who Went on Crusades to the Holy Land? Herford College, Oxford, 1998. Footnotes Michael Foss, People of the First Crusade, (Arcade Publishing, 1998), 212. David Morris, A History of England, (CUP Archive, 2000), 105. Daniel Frank, The Knight Dismounted. Frank, 6. Christopher Tyerman, Who Went on Crusades to the Holy Land? (Herford College, Oxford, 1998), 13. David, 106. This essay on Chivalry in the First Crusade was written and submitted by user Aliya I. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

TransAtlantic Slave Trade The European Role essays

TransAtlantic Slave Trade The European Role essays TRANS-ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE The European Role II. European Role in the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade was the most abominable and cruel from of slavery, but it was neither the first nor the only slave trade. Slavery was a recognized institution around the world long before the Egyptians enslaved the Jews. By the 18th century, large parts of the European population were descendants of serfs and slaves. Worldwide domestic slavery was the most common form of enslavement. In West Africa severe forms of slavery existed. The slaves were usually men and women captured in war whose labor led to surplus production and whose numbers amplified the armies of imperial expansion. In most parts, slaves born within the masters household were better treated than war captives or trade slaves often as members of the family. Slaves could occasionally rise to positions of importance or but their own freedom. Usually this type of slavery was not a problem. The disgrace of slavery all fell in the history of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade. During third period is where the in humanity of the treatment of slaves occurred. The ultimate degradation of slaves singularly characteristic of the Trans-Atlatntic Slave Trade. The European Role in the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade in the late 15th century, became an important factor. The Portuguese were the first Europeans to extensively explore the African Coast. Even though the Europeans were neither the first nor the only ones to have slaves. They mostly profoundly interacted with influenced the cultures and lives of the Africans with whom they came in contact. Before the late 15th century, Europeans were neither economi ...

Concussions in Sports and Return to Play Guidlines Essay

Concussions in Sports and Return to Play Guidlines - Essay Example He hit his head on the turf, lost consciousness and when he regained consciousness, he remembered nothing of the incident. On the same day, in another game, Troy Aikman, one of the starting quarterbacks had to leave the game when he was kneed in the head. His condition was also termed as a concussion. Two players getting hit in the head on the same day is a rare occurrence because mild head trauma is limited to 2% and 10% for any athlete and this calls for some attention to incidence of concussion in various sports. The word 'Concussion' induces horrible images of permanent brain damage. But there is a) low probability of an athlete being hit in the head and 2) the return and full recovery are often rapid. However there have been more complicated cases where effects of concussions lasted a very long time. (e.g., Barth et al., 1983; Rimel, Giordani, Barth, Boll, & Jane, 1981). A growing body of literature, thought not vast yet, focuses on the occurrence and effects of concussion in various contact sports including boxing, football, and soccer. It was found that while professional athletes can serve as good cases studies for various related researches, they usually do not report every injury making it difficult to gather accurate data on the incidence of injuries in sports. Athletes underreport for fear of sabotaging their chances of playing in coming games. (Gerberich, Priest, Boen, Staub, & Maxwell, 1983). What is a Concussion or Mild Trauma The study of concussion in sports is relatively new considering that literature available is barely 15-20 years old. Attention is being paid to the process by which concussion cases mild head injury and the subsequent post concussive symptoms that result. Concussion or mild head injury refers to blow to the head which may or may not be followed by loss of consciousness but causing an alteration in awareness. Though no serious lesions are noticed on brain in the case of concussions, some contusions may be found on the frontal and temporal lobes. The white matter in the brain is affected and some shearing might be caused to neuronal axons (Duckett & Duckett, 1993). Acute and chronic alterations in neurochemical functions are also reported following a head injury (Dixon, Taft, & Hayes, 1993). The problem with CT and MRI scans is that while they can detect serious signs of severe injury such as swelling or bleeding, they may fail to notice lesions caused by concussion. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is used to measure and categorize injury. With a score of 13 or above for example, injury is considered mild. However while this scale along with other factors just as length of unconsciousness and length of stay in the hospital are used to categorize concussion and resulting head injury, there is still a serious lack of consensus

Reflection of world's leader Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Reflection of world's leader - Essay Example Often in real life situations, a leader strategically adapts a different style than their usual one or uses a combination of different leadership styles depending on the people they are dealing with and the situation they are in. (Harvard Business School, 2013). Leadership Styles Though leadership style varies from person to person, the common leadership styles can be categorized as below: Charismatic leadership - In Charismatic leadership style, the leaders infuses enthusiasm in their people and motivates their people to achieve and move forward. Charismatic leaders generally tend to believe more in themselves and their decisions more than that of their team. The organization tends to be completely dependent on this type of leader and there is a threat of the whole organization collapsing if the leader leaves. Autocratic leadership - In autocratic leadership, the leader has all the power over his people and is the sole decision maker and does not take any input from the team. Bureau cratic leadership - Bureaucratic leaders follow rules strictly and ensure that everything is done according to procedure. Bureaucratic leadership style proves to be ineffective when it comes to organizations dependent on flexibility and innovation. Transformational leadership - This is considered as the best leadership style used in business. Transformational leaders inspire both their teams and themselves to deliver the best which results in a higher level of commitment and productivity in the organization. Laissez-faire leadership - These leaders give complete freedom to their people in their work and provide their team resources and advice when required. People/relations-oriented leadership - In this style, leaders completely focus on developing and supporting their people. This encourages teamwork and the style is people oriented. Task-oriented leadership - This type of leadership only focuses on getting the job done. They plan, organize and monitor the work. Servant leadership - When a leader simply meets the need of the team, he is classified as a servant leader. Democratic/participative leadership - Democratic leaders take decisions but they take inputs from the team and consider their inputs while taking their final decision. They encourage people engagement and creativity. Transactional leadership - In this style, the team members obey their leaders and enter into a transaction of being paid for their compliance and their effort (Bonnici, 2011). Bill Gates-A Phenomenal Leader One of the most successful business leaders considered in today’s world is Bill Gates. The leadership style of Gates is a combination of Transformational and Charismatic. There are many effective leadership styles as mentioned earlier but in business, a leadership style called "transformational leadership" is often the most effective approach to use. Transformational leaders have integrity, inspire people with a shared vision of the future, set clear goals, motivate people towards these goals, manage delivery, and communicate well with their teams. Charismatic leadership style is similar to transformational style as a charismatic leader is enthusiastic and energetic in motivating his people to perform and achieve. Thus, he has an ability to create commitment and enthusiasm among his team. The difference between charismatic leaders and transformational le

EDLE 639 - Assignment 2 - Take 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

EDLE 639 - Assignment 2 - Take 2 - Essay Example Mary’s and other schools in the diocese adhere to the guiding principles, as well as terms of reference that govern Catholic schools (Duncan & Duncan, 1997). The primary aim behind the examination of the governance model of the school and diocese is to appreciate the inherent difficulties that encounter the organization. Some of the most marked issues, in the diocese, with regard to governance include diminishing numbers of priests; concerns concerning the growing legal obligations of priests, boards and other administrators of Catholic primary schools; and the need for increased accountability on the part of school administrators (Cheney, 2013). This examination also aims at meeting the need for a sound knowledge base regarding the governance model of Catholic primary schools in the Diocese of Wilcannia-Forbes so as to inform further research and debate concerning the nature of primary school governance in the county of New South Wales and in the entire nation. As a consequen ce, this examination aims at describing, as well as analysing, the present practices and issues concerning governance of St. Mary’s Primary School and the larger Diocese of Wilcannia-Forbes (CEO Wilcannia-Forbes, 2013). ... Schools under the Diocese of Wilcannia-Forbes are united in their reverence for tradition. The schools, including St. Mary’s Primary School endeavour to provide excellent education opportunities for children under their care (Cheney, 2013). This is guaranteed by working collaboratively with all stakeholders, including parents, boards, priests and principals, thereby enabling the education of the entire individual (Duncan & Duncan, 1997). It is through this collaboration that the organization engages with the challenges of modern day, particularly the ethical and moral contradictions of today (Jordan, 2008). Since they are linked in both purpose and mission, Catholic primary schools in the Diocese of Wilcannia-Forbes form authentic communities of faith, which source their inspiration and justification from Jesus Christ. At the centre of the mission of the Catholic Church is the functionality of school education. The successfulness of this mission is largely contingent on key co mponents of effective governance that offer a sense of direction, leadership and authority, which in turn guarantees effective school operations (Hofman, Hofman & Guldemond, 2002) sch. Governance and leadership of Catholic schools can be considered in the context of a mission whose function is to protect and promote the rights and duties of the entire school community. Leadership and governance centred on the practices and principles of excellence play a significant role in advancing the Catholic identity, the school’s operational vitality and overall academic excellence (ACPP, 2005a). While governance models are variable depending on the sponsorship of a school, individuals who serve on the leadership team

Impact Of Legislation On Early Years Practice Education Essay

Impact Of Legislation On Early Years Practice Education Essay The purpose of this paper is to discuss current relevant legislation and how the legislation impacts on an Early Years practice. The experiences and outcomes that children receive in their earliest years can lay the foundations for their journey into adult life and beyond. Legislation has been put in place to ensure that children are given the best possible start in life and that they are given the opportunities for them to reach their full potential. Regardless of their individual needs and backgrounds of race, disability or social status, legislation ensures that they all have the same opportunities in order for them to have a good quality of life in early childhood. In addition, children have a right to be part of their community setting and develop their own individual identity. A childs social class is a major factor in the life chances and the outcomes they are likely to receive in later life. The Equality Act 2010 aims to narrow the gap between social classes, tackles barriers that are holding children back and gives everyone the opportunity to achieve their full potential and contribute in their own way to society. Children from poorer backgrounds are more likely to suffer behaviour and language problems than those from more affluent areas. Furthermore, children from affluent areas are more academically ready to start early education by the age of three years old than those from poorer areas. (Source: Elizabeth Washbrook, Bristol University based on the Millennium Cohort Study) Millennium Cohort Study, Exploration of Some Distinctive Results for Scotland These statistics show the need for early years settings to provide efficient and adequate provision for all children. Child centred settings must ensure that they are fully aware of the content of relevant legislation regarding equality and inclusion that enables children to get the best possible start and get efficient learning that meets their needs in order for them to flourish. A nursery Admission policy ensures that the allocation of nursery places is fair and equal and that there is no discrimination in relation to a childs socio-economic background with regards of where they live or parents occupational backgrounds, stops discrimination against non-admittance of a child with any disabilities or additional needs and shows no favouritism towards admissions of children with high academic level and educational attainment. This policy ensures equality for all and that places are free to all children. http://www.equalityhumanrights.com/advice-and-guidance/equality-act-guidance-for-education-providers-schools/admissions/ Settings that promote equality and inclusion are stating that they recognise and uphold childrens rights and will actively contribute to the childrens quality of life. Equal opportunities ensure all children are treated according to their individual needs. We want an education system in Scotland that is inclusive of all pupils, encouraging young people to develop, no matter what additional needs they may have. Fiona Hyslop, Cabinet Secretary for Education and Lifelong Learning http://www.scotland.gov.uk/News/Releases/2009/04/26163423 The Education (Additional Support for Learning) (Scotland) Act 2004 2009 provides the framework of guidance for the support that all children should receive in order for them to make full use of their abilities within their education. Practitioners must ensure arrangements are in place to identify any additional needs and the learning required, and this can be done by getting to know the child and their background and put the child at the centre. Building good relationships with children and their families will encourage the child to feel safe and develop a sense of belonging. By getting to know as much as possible about the child, practitioners can plan experiences that suit the childs knowledge, experience, age and stage of development and build on these to extend the childs knowledge and learning. North Lanarkshire Councils Inclusive Policy suggests that Personal Learning Plans, Individual Education Programmes and Records of Needs are important for a childs effective learning and through assessment and planning, will provide the foundation to ensuring the individual needs of the child are recognised and met. However, when a support plan is considered necessary, settings must take account of views from other people like parents/carers and additional adults within the setting who assist with supporting inclusion and diversity. Some of these include head teachers, Speech and Language and behaviour therapists and Additional Support Needs Assistants. This partnership will ensure close links are maintained between multi-agencies, support services and the childs family and will help to provide opportunities to share information and make decisions about the best way to meet a childs individual needs. Good inclusive settings can ensure that a child is looked after, despite their individual needs and backgrounds, and enable them to get the best out of their education. http://www.northlanarkshire.gov.uk/index.aspx?articleid=5642 In addition, practitioners and educators should effectively practice equality for all and be aware of their own attitudes of stereotyping and discriminating against issues of race, disability, sex, social status, age and religion and be positive role models in their responsibilities to promoting equality and inclusion in their setting. http://www.equalityhumanrights.com/advice-and-guidance/equality-act-guidance-for-education-providers-schools/admissions/ http://www.northlanarkshire.gov.uk/index.aspx?articleid=5640 http://www.scotland.gov.uk/News/Releases/2009/04/26163423 Every Child Matters Framework for Inclusion Gender equality a toolkit for education staff Malik, H. (2003) A Practical Guide to Equal Opportunities, Nelson Thorner Chapter 2 Millennium Cohort Study, Exploration of Some Distinctive Results for Scotland The Child at the Centre The Education (Additional Support for Learning) (Scotland) Act 2004 2009

American Freedom - No Greater Gift Essay -- Exploratory Essays Researc

American Freedom - No Greater Gift Silently they stand, tall, strong pillars of memory in a seemingly long since forgotten world. Rows upon rows of white marble glisten in the first rays of the rising sun. The shimmer of morning frost still graces their elegant arches as the brisk air begins to take on a slightly warmer tone. In this quiet hour, not quite night, yet still not day, one lone man stands respectfully next to a small, almost insignificant grave stone. His head hangs slightly bowed, and except for the small hunch in his back, he stands at perfect attention. Unnoticed by the swirling city around him, he slowly removes his cap and looks out across the hill before him. His gaze sweeps over the expansive garden of marble and granite. Millions of white headstones grace the green hillsides, most of them appearing small and humble. Every so often, however, the man sees a taller, more significant looking headstone. He knows these stones were meant to be impressive and eye catching; but to him, there is nothing more touching than the stone which stands before him. Only the rank of a private, a name and two dates grace the stone's face. Some might say this is rather insignificant compared to the graves containing generals or captains. Others might take the time to note how young the man was when he died at the age of twenty-one, and think he still had his whole life left to live. This lone man, though, views the grave stone entirely differently. To him, Private Michaels was more than just a name carved into a head stone, more than a private, more than just a twenty-one year old boy. Private Michaels had been his best friend. In Arlington Cemetery, there are hundreds upon hundreds of heroic men lying silently, their sto... ...rice of our freedom. Many have stepped back and taken a good look at the struggles our founding fathers went through to plant our country on a firm foundation based on freedom. As the old man stood silently surrounded by the stillness of the morning, he thought back to the days of his youth. Private Michaels and he had grown up together, and were thought to be closer than any two brothers. Where one went, the other was sure to follow, even to the extent of entering the Second World War. Together, they fought side by side, defending their country as well as the lives of many innocent people. Michaels gave his own life over to enemy fire, shortly before the end of the war, so his best friend could live. Standing there with rays of warmth caressing his back, the old man realized there truly was no greater love than the gift his friend had given him, and his country.

The Most Unforgettable Moment

The most unforgettable experience is always hard for me to forget , and stays fresh in my memory all the time . I still remember the experience of being all my life . Last summer , my family and I spend our holiday on the Redang island . This is one of the beautiful beaches in Malaysia . My family told me many interesting things about Redang island . There are many interesting things to see and to do .I and my siblings are very pleased and excited to got to Redang island . Redang island is located in Terengganu who take the time 8 hours to get there from Kuala Lumpur . After we arrive at Terengganu , we must climb a boat to go Redang island . Trip to Redang island takes 40 minutes . After arriving at Redang island we check in into hotel . At evening we go to beach to snorkelling .The boat ride took us to a larger pontoon boat anchored in the middle of the reef . After a brief instructional video on how to snorkel , I was ready with my medium flippers , a life jacket , large goggles a nd most importantly , a snorkel . I can see various kinds of fish in the sea . There is a large variety of fish , small and very unique .Our activities in Redang island just snorkelling and diving because my family and I are very excited to see the beautiful and unique fish . After three days we were in Redang island , we should go gome . The day went by so fast . My family and I have many memories of that day . I will never forget the experience a holiday with my family .

buy custom Philosophy in Literature essay

buy custom Philosophy in Literature essay Henry Fleming is also known as the youth because he was the youngest among the people who went to war. He is said to have a different mind, all the time he was getting ready to go to battle. But the good thing with Henry Fleming is that, he never gave up, and always had some side motivation he related to some of the lessons he acquired during his life. There is a point when he is said to have had a thought of escaping the battled, but he remembered what his swimming coach told him about courage. Although he sometimes used to run away from the battle, he realized it was a worthy cause to take, for if he had not escaped, maybe he would have died with one of his comrades. If Henry Fleming had escaped the battle field completely, he would not have won the battle, and he would have been called a coward boy. He was a boy who was concerned about his community, and his personal image. It is depicted in the book how he did not want his colleague to disclose that he had escaped from the battle field, hence he does not make it a big deal for him when he was almost giving up in life, hence he had written a letter to his family as a sign of dearth. This story would be told by the aged to address the younger, showing them that life has challenges and one has to take some risks in order to become respectable in the community. The story would be told to motivate the young people who might have low self esteem so as to motivate them to take a certain challenge in life, bearing in mind all the available risks, but consequently undertaking the risk. The story can also e told to people who have not decided on doing a certain activity or pursuing a certain course. This story has more relevance to the current youths, who are reluctant and have fear of taking any risks in their life. As clearly illustrated by Henry Fleming, he only achieved fame and respect as well as class after persevering the challenges and the risks for being in the battle fields, where he witnessed some of his comrades losing their lifes The boy, who cried wolf By Vladimir Nabokov, is one of known best selling article, which has rich deep literature. The novel revolves around a boy who runs home crying wolf! Wolf! And in real sense there is no wolf. The implication of the story is to involve trick and convey the message that meaningful literature has purposeful trickery. The story outlines the aspect of imagination, as available in any figurative speech, which leads the reader or the listener to get carried with imagination. This happens for a period of time, till the reader misses the reality when it downs. As depicted in the Vladimir Nabokov novel, the boy used to go home crying wolf, until people got used to his story, and they could no longer take him serious because of her repeated constant calls. A day dawned when a real wolf chased the boy, and as usual the boy cried wolf! Wolf! And people assumed that it was just as always. Unfortunately, the boy was attacked by the wolf, and eaten by the wolf. Although the boy died, people regretted neglecting his cry, but they said it was his jokes that they did not help him. The boy died after being eaten by the wolf the boy allways cried about. My opinion is, when you keep wishing about having or encountering something, it will surely happen to you one day. No matter how bad or good ones wish or dream is, one day it will come to be a reality. The boy always cried wolf was following him, and after sometime it appeared to him. In addition, in another perspective, it can also be interpreted that, it is always good to tell the truth. Case in point, if only the boy kept his mouth shut, and only says the truth when the wolf appears, people would not have assumed him, and they would have come for his rescue. This story has a moral lesson that it is good to always say the truth, and people will always take you seriously. Alternatively, one should always have a positive wish towards his or her life. In other words, life gives back what one asks for. The boy kept calling wolf, and eventually he was killed by a wolf. This story can be directed to the young generation who turn deaf ear to the elders, and end up telling a lie to fit in their needs. The teenagers lie to the elders in order to get what they want, without taking into consideration the consequences of their lie. The story can also be told to those people who are less privileged in the society, for it is these people who have uncouth wishes for themselves. It should come to them as a lesson that in life, an individual are necessary to possess a positive vision . Having a positive attitude towards life is a strong state of the mind which enables an individual to be both strong psychologically and mentally and works to ensure that there is the building or creation of a strong personality. Buy custom Philosophy in Literature essay

8 great jobs for working parents

8 great jobs for working parents The ideal job for a working parent? It doesn’t exist. The best job would allow you to follow your passion, support your family financially, and be there whenever your kids need you. The key is to find a job with flex time, the ability to work from home or create a set work schedule around the school day, or even part-time hours if it’s financially viable. The following list includes jobs that are kid-friendly, jobs where you can set your own working hours, and jobs that allow work life and parent life to coexist in at least partial harmony.8 great jobs for working parents1. Speech and Language PathologistWhile these specialists can work in independent practices, oftentimes schools employ speech and language pathologists to work with kids who need help with their language abilities. Having kids can really help support you in this position to understand how to discuss speech and language issues with parents- plus, the position is automatically keyed in to the school sched ule and offers you insight into available after-school programs if you must work beyond the final bell.2. Real Estate AgentReal estate agents, who often work at open houses or show clients around to homes, aren’t chained to a desk 9-5- making this a great job for networkers who like being on their feet and fitting events in-between other commitments. There’s flexibility to the job, especially for two-parent families where one parent will be home on the weekend. The money is based on commission- so, the more work you put in, the more you will make in theory. This is a job where your network and expertise can grow over time.3. Freelance PhotographerFreelance photographers usually have an area of specialty, but portrait photography is a great option for parents- every day at school drop-off you have the potential to meet new clients for family portraits. Wedding photography or weekend photo sessions can also suit people’s schedules if they work around a partnerâ₠¬â„¢s M-F work week.4. Music TeacherCertified music teachers are often employed by school districts, but if you are musically inclined, running private group classes for small kids and parents at a common space or from your home is a great option- and a place where you can bring your own children, as well. You can also consider offering private music lessons or contracting with schools and local community centers as a visiting artist.5. Web Developer/Graphic DesignerThis job requires technical and design skills in order to create websites, promotional materials, or other web or print graphics for clients. All you need is a computer, so this is definitely a job you can do from home if you want to work on a freelance basis. Whether you are paid by hours worked or contracted for a set fee for your work, you can organize your schedule in order to meet deadlines and keep your work life flexible in order to meet your family demands.6. Working for a Youth OrganizationHere’s another kid-centric position that gets you involved in your community. Youth organizations create educational or recreational programming for children; they usually hire staff to everything from accounting, to fundraising, to directly creating and running specific activity programs. A bonus: you will be aware of the activities available to your own children and may receive discounts on things like summer camps. Plus, a family-oriented organization may be more inclined to family-friendly work practices.7. Freelance Writer/EditorFrom copywriting for a print magazine to blogging for corporate websites, there is a lot of freelance work available for talented writers. These gigs, which often pay by word count, can almost always be done from home. In fact, writing assignments are often flexible enough that you can have kids playing in the other room while you type away. If not, you can fit in a few hundred words after the kids go to bed.8. Social Media SpecialistAnother job that you can do from y our pajamas is social media promotion, where you spend time building the online presence of a company- you need to be able to tweet, create Instagram stories, and generally do all you can to savvily promote the work and goings-on of a business. This can be a job that requires regularly checking in on accounts or updating, but it can almost always be done remotely, on a flexible basis.

Starbucks - Organizational behaviour Case Study

Starbucks - Organizational behaviour - Case Study Example Orgniztinl bhvir dls with th t mn t th bttm mn, vryn nds t b invlvd nd knw th right ctins nd ttituds fr n rgniztin t sky rckt nd xcl in th futur Strbucks Crrtin is th wrld's numbr n scilty cff rtilr. It rts mr thn 8,700 cff shs in mr thn 30 cuntris. Th cmny is cmmittd t ffring th highst qulity cff nd "Th Strbucks Exrinc" whil cnducting its businss in wys tht rduc scil, nvirnmntl nd cnmic bnfits fr cmmunitis in which it ds businss. (Chris, 2006, 84) "Strbucks urchss nd rsts high-qulity whl bn cffs nd slls thm lng with frsh, rich-brwd, Itlin styl srss bvrgs, vrity f stris nd cnfctins, nd cff-rltd ccssris nd quimnt -- rimrily thrugh its cmny-rtd rtil strs." (Hmbrick, 2007, 20) Strbucks Crrtin urchss nd rsts whl bn cffs nd slls thm lng with brwd cffs, Itlin-styl srss bvrgs, cld-blndd bvrgs, vrity f fd itms, slctin f ts nd vn lin f cmct discs. "Th riginl Strbucks, fundd in 1971, ws cmny ssintly cmmittd t wrld-clss cff nd ddictd t ducting its custmrs, n n n, but wht grt cff cn b." (Hmbrick, 2007, 20) "Yu gt mr thn th finst cff whn yu visit Strbucks. Yu gt grt l, first-rt music, cmfrtbl nd ubt mting lc, (Adlr, 2001, 44) nd sund dvic n brwing xcllnt cff t hm. At hm yu r rt f fmily. At wrk, yu r rt f cmny. And smwhr in btwn thr is lc whr yu cn sit bck nd b yurslf. Tht is wht Strbucks str is t mny f its custmrs - kind f "third lc" whr thy cn sc, rflct, rd, cht r listn." (Adlr, 2001, 44) Th Strbucks Crrtin blivs thir mlys r n f thir mst imrtnt ssts in tht thir nly tru dvntg is th qulity f thir wrkfrc. By crting ridful wrkfrc, by ffring

The purpose of After Action Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The purpose of After Action Review - Essay Example Also AAR meetings are not just held at the end of a project or after every six months, they are a continuous thing taking place every step of the way. In all meetings, it is better to repeat company policy and vision to inculcate it in the subordinates. Also, these meetings are not used to play a blame game but to learn from mistakes and implement it in future. All meetings answers four questions- what were the intended results-what were the actual results-what caused our results-what will we sustain or improve (Darling, Parry, and Moore, 2005) In the given situation, the organization under study is the OPFOR which is small in size, faces u predictable situations, it is not as well equipped as its competitors and turnover among leaders is high. Still AAR is the best solution for such an organization. The reason being that AAR gives them the ability to learn from past mistakes and implement them in future battles. It not only focuses on mistakes but also identifies opportunities through AAR and implements these in future. OPFOR does not only file or make reports of the proceedings of the AAR but also tests these results. Usually OPFOR conducts experiments of the hypothesis concluded from the AARs. And conducts more frequent AAR to combine all the results and prepare a comprehensive plan. The workability of AAR in other situation depends on the problem ... Still AAR is the best solution for such an organization. The reason being that AAR gives them the ability to learn from past mistakes and implement them in future battles. It not only focuses on mistakes but also identifies opportunities through AAR and implements these in future. OPFOR does not only file or make reports of the proceedings of the AAR but also tests these results. Usually OPFOR conducts experiments of the hypothesis concluded from the AARs. And conducts more frequent AAR to combine all the results and prepare a comprehensive plan. Also AARs work for the OPFOR as the leader himself takes accountability of what went wrong and lets his subordinates do his assessment building a unity among the team. Information from AAR which OPFOR generates is not just for documentation but is practically applied and tested and lessons are learned. Hence AAR works in these situations. The workability of AAR in other situation depends on the problem in hand. AAR will work in other situations but has to be customized according to the scenario. It cannot be applied exactly like OPFOR for example most business can experiment hypothesis for many reasons like budget requirements, risk to brand name etc but can adapt the main principles of this process. Most importantly business should learn to implement the findings in future projects and not just file them away and to conduct more frequent AARs. 3) Are AARs really opportunities to learn AARs provide an excellent opportunity to learn if they are implemented properly. Most businesses don't gain from it as they just conduct this exercise for mere filing of results, or the AARs are carried out after so long that important lessons are forgotten or they are

Is One Experience Enough Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Is One Experience Enough - Essay Example The American population is a mixture of different people from all over the world, the country thus enjoys a rich cultural background, thus capable of accommodating any other new citizen as the essay below posits. The U. S is among the countries with one of the most liberal structures in the world. The county has a vigilant civil group that monitors and criticizes the activities of the government with the view of creating a constitutional environment. This way, the pressure groups ensure that the country maintains a high level of constitutionalism and the government respects and safeguards the interests and rights of every citizen. The American constitution protects the rights of every citizen from whichever background. The country is among the first countries to protect the rights and privileges of the gays and lesbians. The controversial move to embrace the sexually misconstrued group sought to offer a liberal society in which everyone enjoys a degree of freedom regardless of their sexual orientations. Several nations globally do not recognize the group, in fact some countries both in the developed and developing economies still shuns the rare sexual connotations thus compelling the homosexuals to live in fear and secrecy. With the view of respecting and protecting human integrity, the American government through its vigilant citizenship and dynamic constitutionalism sought to incorporate the rights and privileges of every citizen including the homosexuals. Currently, the country is a safe haven for thousands of homosexuals from different countries through out of such countries due to the unnatural nature of their sexual orientation. The American society does not consider the sexuality among other personal issues of an individual; people in the society interact on personal levels without the investigation of private issues. This way, the American

Assessment Methods Essay Example for Free

Assessment Methods Essay Question: Explain the main types of assessments and explain how you conduct or could conduct an initial assessment of learners Assessment is one of the main resources of learning. It is key to understanding and developing for both teacher and learners. Here are the different methods of assessments and how I would use them in my organisation. Initial Assessment: this method comes into play the minute the group of learners are introduced to a new teacher. It is a crucial part of their learning journey as it provides information needed to decide a learners starting point. It is the benchmark from which learners can progress and achievement can be measured. For example, teaching a new child on his or her first football session with my organisation, the teacher would need to assess age, physical attributes and most importantly if the child has every played or been taught before and if yes, to what standard. After this initial assessment it can then help the teacher plan a better programme for this individual and development can begin. Observation: Observing learners in action, whether it is certain drill or game situation is pretty much the main key to overseeing their developing firsthand. Also gauging their understanding, by them mirroring what they are being taught or shown. This can help the teacher grasp whether the teaching session has been successful and pitched at the right level. By viewing individual performances the teacher can assess this thoroughly and record notes of the session in the ‘evaluation section’ on the session plan. Formative Assessments: This is the ongoing assessment which takes place over the duration of the course to ensure each learner is or can demonstrate a progressive understanding of the learning objectives from each session. This can be done on an observational basis as well as QA (question and answer). For example, the teacher seeing a learner performing a skill that was taught as part of a drill in training and then progressing this into a game/match situation without being prompted. Witnessing this, noting it and then asking questions to that individual, such as – Why did you do that skill? Did it work? – allows that learner to gain some form of feedback on their actions in that situation. Question and Answer: QA is the obvious point of gauging what information has been taken on board by your learners. As well as learning the physical attributes of football, it is important learners know exactly why they are being taught a certain skill or drill and when and where they can use it in a game situation. So creating scenarios where learners can be shown something then questioned – why did we do this and can you think of a better way – will give the teacher a better understanding through the relevant responses from individuals or the group. This can be done on the pitch or broken down into a classroom situation. Getting answers from learners in a verbal or written way can help assess and test their awareness and knowledge in certain areas. Summative Assessment: This is the all important assessment that allows learners to gain that precious feedback in their development and standard of achievement in every object they undertake. Whether it is their performance in a football match or a task set within a training drill, the feedback given lays the path to progression for that learner within the task or match and allows the learner the chance to listen and acknowledge the teachers comments and take on board and develop for future situations. This can be delivered to them verbally or as a written player development report done on a weekly or monthly basis. Assessment Records: The records we keep on individuals are called Player Development Reports (PDR’s). The reason we keep those is to assess players’ progress throughout the course, from initial to final assessment. These are kept by the teacher and updated every session. They consist of the initial assessment, in which the teacher gathers all relevant information from them such as medical information, ability and special needs. This information is taken into consideration when setting aims and objectives. Learners will then be assessed to find their level, taking on numerous tasks and graded accordingly. This outcome again is recorded in their PDR to identify their needs and progression route. Following each session the teacher will add a comment in the PDR on what was achieved during the session and evaluating how well that individual participated, also commenting a note for development and new objectives. Along with learners PDR’s, the teacher will also assess the effectiveness of their teaching as each lesson goes by. This can be done through all forms of assessment, with the teacher evaluating their session judging on the understanding from each learner from that particular lesson. This will allow room for improvement or change of teaching style for further development within the group. This will all be noted in the ‘Actions for Development’ section of the evaluation page of the session plan. Record Keeping: Keeping records is one of the best methods to track progress, development and capability of all learners in your group. They also help keep the running of your organisation to a high standard, therefore making a good environment for learners to evolve. Throughout the course learners will be observed, assessed and tested through different methods in each objective they attempt or complete. These outcomes can be recorded through PDP’s (Personal Development Plans), test papers and documented one-to-one tutorials. These can be set aside and revisited at any point by learner or teacher. Keeping records, with regard to session plans and test results, etc, is also an important tool that allows teachers to evaluate and refine their sessions and any aspect of the rapport between teacher and learner that may need changing or improving, to ensure effectiveness when delivering a session. Also gauging who may need more help or who is ready for more extensive work. In my organisation the types of records we keep are slightly different but still as effective. As a football coach the records I keep consist of medical and incident forms, contact details of learner and venue, (including addresses), CRB numbers and coaches’ ID badges, also a copy of insurance. For obvious reasons these are kept safe and secure between sessions, but during sessions these would be on-hand with the coach in case of any accidents, incidents or emergencies.

The Organizational Orientation Of Loreal Marketing Essay

The Organizational Orientation Of Loreal Marketing Essay In technique progress era, development of technology, science, education, economy and society offer people to have better quality of living. One part of this, it is high demands and possibility to satisfy them in terms of the external beauty and health. In our days, most of people would like to be attractive, fit and nice-looking. The global world we are living in sets stereotypes that become models. Models are represented extensive all around us in everyday life such as on the TV, in the commercials, in the magazines, on the billboard, in the fashion shows, in the streets and even at school or at workplace. Consequently, a lot of people want to look like models. Men and women would like to have a smooth and clear skin with a perfect body shape for a magnificent life. These desires and trends are rising and seen as a gold mine for the beauty care market. Concerning to the growth of purchasing power in customers and market trend that community turn out to be more conscious of hygiene and beauty, it affects to the quick growth in beauty care industry, particularly in this decade. Due to the characteristic of the market is quite high by value, thus it attracts many companies to enter to this market frequently. Huge number of domestic and multinational companies tries to take as much advantages as possible on the beauty market. Because of the attractiveness, rapid growth and high potential the beauty products market could be characterized like highly competitive and customer market. For achieve success on this field, company should have high level of technology and innovations, for be able to satisfy customers needs in high quality innovative beauty products. But staking only on technology will not bring victory. Nowadays, the most important capabilit ies for the company it is talent to market their product effectively by correctly using marketing mix, choosing right marketing strategy and determine strength, weaknesses, opportunities and treats of company. Correct applying marketing mix, which is a combination of main marketing elements (4 Ps): product, price, place and promotion, is a key element of companys success. In this coursework we are trying to explore and evaluate the Marketing activities of LOreal. LOreal is one most famous and largest and successful world player on cosmetic market, one of the biggest in the world due to the size, total revenue, profitability, and growth rate. We have analyzed the marketing strategies of LOreal throughout detection of the Organization Orientation, realizing the impact of the Marketing Mix and an internal and external (SWOT) analysis of the company will also be given in this paper. Companys History LOreal is one of the biggest companies in France, in the worlds largest manufacturing of high quality cosmetics and perfumes. LOreal registered office in Paris and head office in the Paris suburb of Clichy, Hauts-de-seine, France. The LOreal Company has 68900 employees worldwide. The lead the cosmetics worldwide and distributed the product 130 countries with 27 global brands. These brands annual sales are superior à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬50 million. They produced 5 key expertises for the customer they are hair care, hair color, skin care, make-up and Fragrances. It boasts a world-wide distribution network as well as the industrys highest research and development budget and the largest cosmetological laboratory in the world.(LOreal, 2012) LOreal is a listed company, but the founders daughter Liliane Bettencourt, her name is Eugne Schueller. On July 30, 1909, Schuller registered his company, the Socià ©tà © Franà §aise de Teintures Inoffensives pour Cheveux (Safe Hair Dye Company of France literally French Society of Inoffensive Tinctures for Hair), the original LOrà ©al. The guiding principles of the company, which eventually became LOreal, were research and innovation in the field of beauty. The key people of this company are Jean-Paul Agon(Chairman and CEO), Lilliane Bettencourt(Non-executive director and major shareholder).LOreals story begins in turn-off century paris, at the time when women of the demi-monde dyed their hair, their choice restricted to fiery red or coal black. In 1907, Eugene Schueller, a young chemist, began to concoct the first synthetic hair salons in the morning under the brand name Aureole. His strategy was successful: within two years he established the societe Francaise des teintures in offensive Pour chevex, which soon afterward became LOreal.(LOreal,2012) In 1912, the company extended its sales to Austra, Holland and Italy and by 1920. LOreal products were available in a total of 17 countries, including the United States, Brazil, Chile, Peru, Equador, Bolivia, and the Soviet Union and in the Far East. The end of the world war LOreal was celebrated by the Jazz age, when short hairstyles became fashionable, with a new emphasis on shape and color. In 1920, the small company employed three chemists. By 1950, the research teams were 100 strong; that number reached 1,000 by 1984 and is nearly 2,000 today. By the end of the 1920, there were 40,000 hair salons in France alone and LOreals new product ocap, imedia Liquide and coloral captured the its first move toward diversification, purchasing the soal company Monsavon. LOreal has five worldwide research and development centers: two in France: Aulnay and Chevilly; one in the U.S.: Clark, New Jersey; one in Japan: Kawasaki, Kanagawa Prefecture; and in 2005. one was established in Shanghai, chi na. A future facility in the US will be in Berkeley Heights, New Jersey. (LOreal, 2012) In the 1930s and 1940s, platinum-haired screen idols such as Jean Harlow and Mae West made blond hair especially popular and bleaches such as LOrà ©al Blanc sold well. LOrà ©al was quick to make use of both old and new media to promote its products. In 1933, Schueller commissioned famous artists of the time to design posters and launched his own womens magazine, Votre Beautà ©. Dop, the first mass-market shampoo, was promoted through childrens hair-lathering competitions at the highly popular French circuses and by 1938 LOreal was advertising its hair products with radio jingles.(LOreal, 2012) In 1953, LOreal won an advertisement Oscar, the first in a long series of awards. In 1994, LOreal buys control of corsair from Nestle, Bettencourt. On 17 marches 2006, LOreal purchased cosmetics company The Body Shop for à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¤652 million. In October 2011 , the LOreal started the largest factory in the Jababeka industrial Park, Cikarang, Indonesia with total investment of US 50 million. The production will be absorbed 25 percent by domestic market and the will be exported. In 2010 significant growth occurred at Indonesia with 61 percent increase of unit sales or 28 percent of net sale. LOrà ©als structure remains unchanged, with the group consisting of a federation of competitive companies, including 147 production and distribution facilities worldwide, divided into five divisions. Only research and development facilities and overall management control are centralized.(LOreal, 2012) The current ownership of this company are 27.5pc by the Bettencourt family, 26.4pc by Nestle, 3.9pc by treasury shares and remaining 42.2 are public (LOreal, 2012). The Organizational Orientation of LOreal There are various types of business orientations 3.1 Production Orientation Production orientation is a marketing concept that concentrates on the interior capabilities of the firm rather than on desires and needs of customers. This type orientation means that management assesses its resources and reply on these questions: What is easy to produce using our equipment?, What services are most convenient for the firm to offer and Where do our talents lie (Lamb, Hair, McDaniel, 2011). According to Brassington Pettitt (2006), production orientation emphasizes on affordability and availability of the products and thus production oriented firms focuses on efficient production and distribution techniques. A production orientation short falls because it doesnt consider whether the products that the company produces most efficiently also meet the needs of customer. Sometimes when competition is weak, production oriented-company could survive. 3.2. Product orientation Product oriented company believes that they have a best product, based on the quality and features, and their consumers will like these goods and services. (Learn Marketing, 2010). Adcock et, al. (2001) state that product orientation is concentrated on products rather than needs and customers desires. Quality and design of products are main value categories for the companies which apply product orientation. Brassington Pettitt (2006) say that these companies suppose that the consumers are concerned in the products and that they are interested in the quality. 3.3. Sales Orientation The company with a sales orientation assumes that customers show buying inertia and have to be persuaded into buying more. According to Brassington Pettitt (2006) sales oriented firms thinks that the products are sold, not bought. They emphasize on advertising, direct mail, e-mail blasts and other sales techniques, assuming that the customers are reluctant to purchase. These actions can result in short-term gains in audience. But because of the company is not communicate with the consumers, the sales oriented companys constantly has to recruit a huge number of subscribers who do not renew (Byrnes, 2009). 3.4. Marketing Orientation Market orientation means put customer at the heart of business. Adcock (2001) says that market orientation takes place when the consumers identify the difference in a company and when all the advantages proposed to the consumers are measured. According to Jobber (2001) marketing oriented organizations concentrate on the consumer wants and for them the opportunities arise from the changing wants of the consumers or market. Brassington Pettitt (2006) believe that a company which is concentrated in its marketing and production activities with the understanding of the consumer wants and satisfaction is market oriented. The main benefit of a company being market oriented is that it would have a top consumer value and there would be a coherence in higher performance in the business. The concept of market orientation is laid on three pillars of customer focus, coordinated marketing and profitability. Customer focus: at the middle of creating future corporate strategy lay consumer centricity. To serve the clients rather than sell products is a main philosophy of the company. Realize consumers as a strategic assets companies establish long-term relationships with clients. Coordinated Marketing: marketing has to become a synchronized, cross-disciplinary function of company. Customers are duty of the entire company. These factors have together detained marketing from becoming a coordinated activity that involves supplementary functions such as finance, operations, human resources and strategy within any company. Profitability: profitability includes both financial dimensions (such as ROI, EVA, and market share) and non-financial dimensions (such as behavioral patterns, awareness and attitudes). This set observation would allow companies to make equilibrium between sh ort term and long term profitability with regard to the long term financial health of the company (Venture Republic, 2012). LOreal concentrates on their customers and tries to find out their material and emotional wishes. Company obtains a wide range of products and consumed by all age groups. According to LOreal (2012) mission of company: Beauty for all. LOrà ©al proposes women and men global the best of quality, effectiveness and safeness cosmetics innovation. It pursues this goal by meeting the endless diversity of beauty needs and desires worldwide (LOreal, 2012). Group enables to meet the expectations of every customer while adapting to local distribution conditions worldwide their organizations of groups divisions. LOreal has five main Business Divisions: LOreal Luxe, Consumer Products, Professional Products, Active Cosmetics and The Body Shop (LOreal, 2012). According to LOreal 2012 Beauty for all also means beauty for each individual. LOreal is influenced that there is no sole and unique model of beauty, but a limitless variety forms of beauty, tied to periods, cultures, history and individualities. LOreal try to realize strategy of universalizing beauty. Company wants to build a new respectful and more attentive globalization universalizing beauty model. Universalizing beauty is adapting beauty and make it accessible for everyone, without making it global or uniform. This aim means that they try to change the market wants and implement new beauty concepts. To achieve this goal, company has considerably reinforced Research and Innovation panelsl in all the main markets of tomorrow, whereas extending their industrial cover age. LOreal observes local beauty needs and customs. The centricity of the project of targeting new customers is a companys research, and is creating itself to take up the challenge: to produce cosmetics products modif ied to the enormous variety of the world, LOreal has set up research hubs in each region (LOreal, 2012). Company facilitates access to cosmetics products. To make the best in beauty availablae for everyone, LOrà ©al takes steps forward each year. Company are able to reach every customer with a portfolio of 27 international brands and an organizational structure, at the same time let be for the specifics of distribution in every country. In this terms LOrà ©al pushes back boundaries and takes up the challenge of more and more available innovation (LOreal, 2012). Thus its crystal clear that LOreal is a Market Oriented company whereas they attempt to understand the customer or market needs and manufacture products respectively to accomplish the companys goals. And they highlight that people are the major strength of the firm. Internal / External audit of LOreal 4.1. Brands and Products LOreal produces and distributes five main groups of products. Professional Products. The Professional Products Division sells its products via hair salons worldwide. The portfolio of professional products is able to satisfy the needs of all types of salons. Being a privilege partner of hairdressers, LOreal offers best technologies and high-level of education what allow provide customers with professional services. In this group include brands: Redken, Kerastase, Matrix, PureOlogy, Shu Uemura art of Hair, Mizani, Kerskin Esthetics. Total sales of these products in 2011 were 2 813.8 millions euro and growth 2011/2010 posted +3.6%. The biggest sales are in geographic zone North America 1 018.6 millions euro, but more quick growth of sales 2011/2010 was estimated by geographic zone New Market +6.3% and its sales 2011 accounted for 817.6 million euro (LOreal, 2012). Consumer Products. According to LOreal (2012): The Consumer Products Divisions mission is universal: to offer the best in beauty innovation to the greatest number of people on every continent at accessible price. Its brands are available in all mass-market channels (hypermarkets, supermarkets, drugstores and traditional stores). The division is the spearhead of the groups quest to win over a further billion consumers. This division includes the most famous brands of the group: LOreal Paris (premium brand with Elseve, Elnett, Studio Line, Perfection, Plenitude, Body Expertise, Dermo-Expertise, Solar Expertise, Kids, Progress Homme, Men Expert and Ombrelle), Garniere (includes brands like Ambre Solaire, Fructis, Nutrisse, Ultra Doux, Skin Naturals, Neutralia and Obao), Maybelline, Softsheen-Carson, Club des Createurs de Beaute and essie (LOreal, 2012). Total sales of division in 2011 were 9 835.2 million euro and were shown growth 2011/2010 approximately +3.2%. In geographic zone New Market was estimated highest sales (3 957.1 million euro), most successful business segment was Make-up (2 882.3 million euro sales 2011, +6.2% sales growth) (LOreal, 2012). LOreal Luxe. The Products Division the Luxury products division combines together a exclusive set of brands, concentrating particularly on three key business segments: skincare, make-up and fragrances. Products of this division are delivering throughout department stores, perfumeries and travel retail outlets, free standing stores and through e-commerce websites. Brands are: Lancome, Yves Saint Laurent, Giorgio Armani, Biotherm, Cacharel, Diesel, Maison Martin Margiela, ViktorRolf, Ralph Lauren, Kiehls, Shu Uemura, Stella Mc Cartney. Based on reported figures sales 2011 this division amounted to 4 506.6 millions euro and increase of 6.5%. Like-for-like, i.e. based on the comparable structure and identical exchange rate, the sales growth was +8.2%. Dynamic New Market achieved sales growth of +12.3% based on reported figures and +14.0% on like-for-like. The most successful was Skincare business segment, it delivered sales growth of 14.6% like-for-like and 13.6% based on report figures (LOreal, 2012). Active Cosmetics. The active Cosmetics division sells its products worldwide in all types of health channel (pharmacies, drugstores, medi-spas and dermatologists). Its unique portfolio of six admiring brands (Vichy, La Roshe-Posay, Skinceuticals, Inneov, RogerGallet, Sanoflore). These products satisfy the need for beauty through the skins health and active cosmetics divisions works in close partnership with health professionals, dermatologists, paediatricians and doctors practicing aesthetic medicine. It is have made the division world number one in dermocosmetics. The Active Cosmetic Division delivered in 2011 growth of +3.2% like-for-like and +2.6% based on the reported figures, driven by its successes in New Markets and North America (LOreal, 2012). The Body Shop. The body Shop was established in 1976 in the United Kingdom by Dame Anita Roddick. The Body Shop has strong ethical commitment and well-known by its sensorial products stimulated by nature. More than 65% of the products contain Community Fair Trade ingredients. At the end of 2011, the Body Shop sales recorded like-for-like growth at +3.8% and 3.9% based on reported figures. The brand is delivering strong growth in the New Markets. (LOreal, 2012) 4.2. Marketing Strategy LOreal company is present in 130 countries in the world. It sells 130 products every second. The group have more than 50,000 outlets throughout the world. Now days, LOreal is the biggest international brand in Cosmetics. The marketing strategy of LOreal mainly depends upon customer needs. They had done in-depth research of all the cultures and people of different countries. According to the company, tomorrows beauty will be global and universal and will respect the unique nature of each region. LOreal Researchs mission will, therefore, be to understand and adapt to all women and men in order to offer the best of cosmetics in terms of quality, efficacy and safety. The ability to innovate for new markets must therefore rely on in-depth knowledge of the culture, needs and preferences of Chinese, Indian and Brazilian consumers. By placing the consumer at the heart of research and innovation, LOreal has decided to create the Consumer Insights International division as well as regional res earch and innovation hubs innovation will take place by knowing customers habits. For example in India from ancient days Indian women uses eye color by themselves. As we know innovation takes place on customer base. They took inspiration of this and planned new innovation of the product far Indian women in order to reach their expectation of the customers. By this we can know how LOreal company plans the innovation of product by having deep research of skin of different cultural people and also having knowledge about hair of different cultural people and reaches the customers expectations. So this is the LOreal intelligent business plan. The RD department of LOreal will release new formulas based on to enhance customers product experience because if they can know that it would be useful far them to innovate better product far customers (LOreal, 2012). Advertisement is the main strategy used by the LOreal company .It is one of the worlds biggest advertising spenders. The cosmetics giant adverts far Maybelline make up, Elseve shampoos, Lancà ´me perfumes, and other products. These will fill television mostly and magazine pages around the world. they spend 75% on television and 20% on the print magazine and others on billboards et LOreal shows low interest spending on internet (Marketing Planet, 2011). The LOreals new product development strategy. The way they have successfully managed and achieved the considerable market shares through RD efforts . LOreal innovations has been success in the diverse segments of global market Moreover, the company follows a three tier strategy for producing commercially viable products. The three structured strategy includes LOreals advanced research, applied research and product development, each stage having its own unique functions to perform in order to create successful innovations. LOreal is a Paris-based cosmetics company with having sales $ 26.96 billion in the year 2011. LOreal entered mainland of china in the year 1996 after that LOreal started growing successful market in china now it holds second highest percentage of market share and established three factories in china and they had released 17 brands within two local Chinese cosmetics brands created a successful market. LOreal targeted Chinese young women, but LOreal company have focus ed on male customers of china here they played a strategy. The Chinese younger generation was interested in tennis. So LOreal became the sponsor of the 2011 Shaanghai Rolex masters to attract the male viewers and company was cooperated with the most popular p2p steaming media site in China it is also called as pptv with the help this media LOreal launched a new product named hydra energetic anti-dullness moisturizing gel cream the choice of successful tennis masters after that the LOreal got tremendous viewers responses with the help of pptv from this they learn preferences and needs to innovate new products to target the market (LOreal, 2012). The global beauty company LOreal is looking for Africa to increase the market. The continent provides potentially huge market. The company was present since from 100 years Africa became strategically market of the LOreal group as the population of Africa is about a 1 billion people where LOreal product have good demand far products in the market LOreal will continue to launch technologically advanced products, backed by strategic marketing campaigns, into the African market. This will continue to give us a major competitive advantage that will ensure that LOreal maintains its leadership for the next 100 years. (LOreal, 2012). LOreal presently offers the following products in the Netherlands: Plenitude and Recital under the LOreal brand name, and Ambre Solaire under the Garnier Institute brand name. LOreal Nederland has been considering whether to introduce the Synergie skin care line and Belle Couleur hair colorants line into the Netherlands.synergie and Bele Couleur are marketed under the Garnier Institute name in France. The Netherlands market has several challenges new product launches are difficult (especially from a relatively unknown company like Garnier) and the distributor channel is becoming more powerful. Also, retailers have been offering their own private-label products and can develop them at lower prices within 6 months. We had first considered adding Synergie and Belle Couleur under the Garnier name and positioning them towards the lower end of the market price-wise. However, we feel this is inherently too risky. LOreal, even under the Garnier Company name, does not want to wage war in the commodity market of cosmetics. There may not be enough product differentiation to disallow the Garnier products from cannibalizing the LOreal products. People would eventually find out the Garnier and LOreal was the same Company, and that could cheapen the whole product line. LOreal is a premier supplier of quality cosmetics (LOreal, 2012). 4.3. Relationship Management LOreal, the worlds largest skin care and cosmetics company. This is wanted to enlarge the span of marketing for its extra products distribution. The customer relationship management is mainly targeting the customers for evaluating their products.CRM solution has to improve the customer reliability and decrease the agitate. Overall view is very important then, by standardizing on one database solution, there will be a need to develop our stiffness to react rapidly with new marketing campaigns and promotions. After that, the next part is to make new valuable use of marketing budgets through new accurate target. Escalating customer knowledge means increasing the efficiency of marketing investments. (LOreal, 2012) Circumstances: There are 18 global brands which include Ralph Lauren, Lancà ´me, and Garnier -LOreal is the worlds leading cosmetics, skin care, and luxury products producer. The company distribute their products to 130countries on five continents, moreover its also a essential business at Asia and also in the South Korea. LOreal frequently innovates to continue the marketplace share and, as a effect, required to extend its high performance in the industry by sharpening its knowledge of customers by rolling out a company-wide customer relationship management (CRM) system. The Paris-based company decided to focus on its luxury product division, which had an ideal customer basis and the most probable to enhance its marketing campaigns. Marketing experts were persuaded that the greater knowledge of the customer would increase the opportunity for cross selling. For example, a data-mining study on customer behaviours for Lancà ´me France showed strong cross-selling prospective to market beauty products for lips with other products such as nails. To cross sell effectively, LOrà ©al needed to create a single in-house database with all its customer data, which previously had been hosted by a number of different agencies. Example, it is useful to know which 20 per cent of customers are responsible for 50 per cent of the total revenue-this knowledge helps us target promotions and service dollars on our most valuable customers, says Giacchetti. Key factors: LOrà ©al previously worked with Microsoft for IT services worldwide, but the company turned first to Accenture for consultancy on implement a CRM solution.In adding to Siebel Business Analytics. The company is also using HP StorageWorks for its storage area network, as well as other HP hardware. Customer Manager says that the major benefit of Siebel Consumer Goods 7.7 is that advertising sales, and customer service are fully incorporated. This helps companies develop their product management, increase deal and customer marketing return on investment, decrease their customer service costs, and build customer loyalty and demand. The industrial planning was defined by Microsoft Services, aid by Avanade a joint venture between Microsoft and Accenture that specialize in solutions implemented in a Microsoft environment. Together, the team designed and implemented a pilot CRM solution in South Korea, which was chosen because of its complicated multi-channel marketing including point of sal e, Web, e-mail, and wireless messaging.mInitially, Siebel Consumer Goods and Siebel Analytics were implemented on top of a Microsoft SQL Serverà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ 2000 database. Through the volume licensing Enterprise Agreement LOrà ©al has with Microsoft, SQL Server 2000 was later upgraded to Microsoft SQL Server 2005. LOreal also chose the Microsoft environment for the development of its Web sites. In December 2005, following the success of the pilot in South Korea, LOrà ©al extended the solution to support the mass-market domain in France, which is already increasing the customer knowledge segment of the database for direct-mail promotions. Giacchetti says: Were looking at a global rollout of the solution over three to five years. Change management in CRM takes time, especially when 99 per cent of promotions are targeted on the product rather than the customer. However, were working on introducing the CRM solution in the United States and China in 2006 and are starting several projects in Europe. Were seeking to cover half of the total number of country operations in three years and 70 per cent in five years. In some of the smaller centres, CRM will not be applicable. (LOreal, 2012) Benefits LOrà ©al has improved customer brand loyalty, benefited from a significantly improved response rate and lower cost of direct mail. It now has a consistent 360-degree view of its customers across multiple marketing channels. Customer Satisfaction Strengthens Loyalty LOrà ©al operates in a highly competitive market for luxury beauty products, where customer retention is a key performance indicator. Giacchetti believes the most significant benefit has been improved brand loyalty. We can now classify value customers more easily and aggressively retain them, she says. There is less risk of customers switching to other brands because of their disappointment at random treatment. Previously, we targeted customers based on their age, but now we consider past purchasing history and other benchmarks, which makes targeting much more effective. Higher Response Rate, Lower Costs Siebel Business Analytics is helping LOreal mount cost-efficient direct-mail campaigns and increase revenue per sale. Giacchetti says: With the Siebel solution running on Windows Server, we achieved a 57 per cent decrease in the volume of direct mail on one promotion. Through more accurate targeting, we achieved a remarkable 62 per cent response rate. In another campaign for skincare, we cut the volume of direct mail by half and achieved a 78 per cent response rate. 360-Degree View of the Customer LOreal is building a CRM system that provides a complete view of the customer, spanning all available brands across multiple channels, including the companys 200 Web sites and thousands of offline point-of-sale terminals and call centers. Giacchetti says: In the past, campaigns were product based, and we did not retain a history for each customer. With our knowledge about the customer, we can now integrate data from different channels and segment customers according to value and behavior. Georges-Edouard Dias, Strategic Business Development Division, LOrà ©al, says: Siebel is the best solution we have found to manage an end-to-end process from consumer analysis and segmentation to creation, execution, and measurement of the success of marketing campaigns. Product Campaigns Generated Faster By implementing a single CRM system and a powerful in-house database solution, LOrà ©al has improved time to market for its product campaigns. It is now easier to share best practice and make use of sophisticated data-mining scoring for targeting. Giacchetti says: We are now more agile as a business. We can accurately quantify the effectiveness of marketing investments and customer/segment profitability. 4.4. Corporate Structure Chairman and CEO. Jean-Paul Agon is energetic, constructive and unwavering always strives for tangible results. With a spanning background of challenges, environments and responsibilities, he has displayed his leadership skills by key expertise of in-depth knowledge of how the company works, an international approach and a global vision of major challenges ahead. He was born in France in 1956 and joined LOreal in 1978